Question 1

Biotin

Accepted Answer

Contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism.
Contributes to normal functioning of the nervous system.
Contributes to normal macronutrient metabolism.
Contributes to normal psychological function.
Contributes to the maintenance of normal hair.
Contributes to the maintenance of normal mucous membranes.
Contributes to the maintenance of normal skin.

Question 2

Boron

Accepted Answer

Required in trace amounts as it is important in calcium metabolism.
Helps to maintain the health of bones and teeth.

Question 3

Calcium

Accepted Answer

Contributes to normal blood clotting.
Contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism.
Contributes to normal muscle function.
Contributes to normal neurotransmission.
Contributes to the normal function of digestive enzymes.
Has a role in the process of cell division and specialisation.
Contributes to the maintenance of normal bones and teeth.
Needed for normal growth and development of bone in children.

Question 4

Chromium

Accepted Answer

Contributes to normal macronutrient metabolism.
Contributes to the maintenance of normal blood glucose levels.

Question 5

Copper

Accepted Answer

Contributes to normal functioning of the nervous system.
Contributes to normal hair pigmentation.
Contributes to normal iron transport in the body.
Contributes to normal skin pigmentation.
Contributes to the normal function of the immune system.
Contributes to the protection of cells from oxidative stress.

Question 6

Creatine

Accepted Answer

Creatine increases physical performance in successive bursts of short-term, high intensity exercise.

Question 7

Docosahexaenoic Acid & Eicosapentaenoic Acid (DHA/EPA)

Accepted Answer

DHA and EPA contribute to the maintenance of normal blood pressure.
DHA and EPA contribute to the maintenance of normal blood triglyceride levels.
EPA and DHA contribute to the normal function of the heart.

Question 8

Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA)

Accepted Answer

DHA contributes to the maintenance of normal brain function.
DHA contributes to the maintenance of normal vision.
Intake contributes to the normal visual development of infants up to 12 months of age.
Maternal intake contributes to the normal brain development of the foetus and breastfed infants.
Maternal intake contributes to the normal development of the eye of the foetus & breastfed infants.

Question 9

Folic Acid

Accepted Answer

Contributes to maternal tissue growth during pregnancy.
Contributes to normal amino acid synthesis.
Contributes to normal blood formation.
Contributes to normal homocysteine metabolism.
Contributes to normal psychological function.
Contributes to the normal function of the immune system.
Contributes to the reduction of tiredness & fatigue.
Has a role in the process of cell division.
Supplemental folic acid intake increases maternal folate status. Low maternal folate status is a risk factor in the development of neural tube defects in the developing foetus.

Question 10

Glucomannan

Accepted Answer

Contributes to the maintenance of normal blood cholesterol levels.
In the context of an energy restricted diet contributes to weight loss.

Question 11

Iodine

Accepted Answer

Contributes to normal cognitive function.
Contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism.
Contributes to normal functioning of the nervous system.
Contributes to the maintenance of normal skin.
Contributes to the normal production of thyroid hormones and normal thyroid function.
Contributes to the normal growth of children.

Question 12

Iron

Accepted Answer

Contributes to normal cognitive function.
Contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism.
Contributes to normal formation of red blood cells and haemoglobin.
Contributes to normal oxygen transport in the body.
Contributes to the normal function of the immune system.
Contributes to the reduction of tiredness & fatigue.
Has a role in the process of cell division.
Contributes to normal cognitive development in children.

Question 13

Magnesium

Accepted Answer

Contributes to a reduction of tiredness and fatigue.
Contributes to electrolyte balance.
Contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism.
Contributes to normal functioning of the nervous system.
Contributes to normal muscle function.
Contributes to normal protein synthesis.
Contributes to normal psychological function.
Contributes to the maintenance of normal bones.
Contributes to the maintenance of normal teeth.
Has a role in the process of cell division.

Question 14

Manganase

Accepted Answer

Contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism.
Contributes to the maintenance of normal bones.
Contributes to the normal formation of connective tissue.
Contributes to the protection of cells from oxidative stress.

Question 15

Molybdenum

Accepted Answer

Contributes to normal sulphur amino acid metabolism.

Question 16

Niacin (Vitamin B3)

Accepted Answer

Contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism.
Contributes to normal functioning of the nervous system.
Contributes to normal psychological function.
Contributes to the maintenance of normal mucous membranes.
Contributes to the maintenance of normal skin.
Contributes to the reduction of tiredness & fatigue.

Question 17

Pantothenic Acid

Accepted Answer

Contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism.
Contributes to normal mental performance.
Contributes to normal synthesis and metabolism of steroid hormones, Vitamin D and some neurotransmitters.
Contributes to the reduction of tiredness & fatigue.

Question 18

Phosphorus

Accepted Answer

Contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism.
Contributes to normal function of cell membranes.
Contributes to the maintenance of normal bones.
Contributes to the maintenance of normal teeth.
Is needed for the normal growth & development of bone in children.

Question 19

Potassium

Accepted Answer

Contributes to normal functioning of the nervous system.
Contributes to normal muscle function.
Contributes to the maintenance of normal blood pressure.

Question 20

Protein

Accepted Answer

Contributes to a growth in muscle mass.
Contributes to the maintenance of muscle mass.
Contributes to the maintenance of normal bones.
Is needed for normal growth and development of bone in children.

Question 21

Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)

Accepted Answer

Contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism.
Contributes to normal functioning of the nervous system.
Contributes to the maintenance of normal mucous membranes.
Contributes to the maintenance of normal red blood cells.
Contributes to the maintenance of normal skin.
Contributes to the maintenance of normal vision.
Contributes to the normal metabolism of iron.
Contributes to the protection of cells from oxidative stress.
Contributes to the reduction of tiredness & fatigue.

Question 22

Selenium

Accepted Answer

Contributes to normal spermatogenesis.
Contributes to the maintenance of normal hair.
Contributes to the maintenance of normal nails.
Contributes to the normal function of the immune system.
Contributes to normal thyroid function.
Contributes to the protection of cells from oxidative stress.

Question 23

Thiamine (Vitamin B1)

Accepted Answer

Contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism.
Contributes to normal functioning of the nervous system.
Contributes to normal psychological function.
Contributes to the normal function of the heart.

Question 24

Vitamin A

Accepted Answer

Contributes to normal iron metabolism.
Contributes to the maintenance of normal mucous membranes.
Contributes to the maintenance of normal skin.
Contributes to the maintenance of normal vision.
Contributes to the normal function of the immune system.
Has a role in the process of cell specialisation.

Question 25

Vitamin B12

Accepted Answer

Contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism
Contributes to normal functioning of the nervous system.
Contributes to normal homocysteine metabolism.
Contributes to normal psychological function.
Contributes to normal red blood cell formation.
Contributes to the normal function of the immune system.
Contributes to the reduction of tiredness & fatigue.
Has a role in the process of cell division.

Question 26

Vitamin B6

Accepted Answer

Contributes to normal cysteine synthesis.
Contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism.
Contributes to normal functioning of the nervous system.
Contributes to normal homocysteine metabolism.
Contributes to normal protein and glycogen metabolism.
Contributes to normal psychological function.
Contributes to normal red blood cell formation.
Contributes to the normal function of the immune system.
Contributes to the reduction of tiredness & fatigue.
Contributes to the regulation of hormonal activity.

Question 27

Vitamin C

Accepted Answer

Contributes to maintain the normal function of the immune system during and after intense physical exercise.
Contributes to normal collagen formation for the normal function of blood vessels.
Contributes to normal collagen formation for the normal function of bones, cartilage, gums, skin, teeth.
Contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism.
Contributes to normal functioning of the nervous system.
Contributes to normal psychological function.
Contributes to the normal function of the immune system.
Contributes to the protection of cells from oxidative stress.
Contributes to the reduction of tiredness & fatigue.
Contributes to the regeneration of the reduced form of vitamin E.
Increases iron absorption.

Question 28

Vitamin D

Accepted Answer

Contributes to normal absorption/utilisation of calcium and phosphorus.
Contributes to normal blood calcium levels.
Contributes to the maintenance of normal bones.
Contributes to the maintenance of normal muscle function.
Contributes to the maintenance of normal teeth.
Contributes to the normal function of the immune system in adults and children.
Has a role in the process of cell division.
Is needed for normal growth and development of bone in children.

Question 29

Vitamin E

Accepted Answer

Contributes to the protection of cells from oxidative stress.

Question 30

Vitamin K

Accepted Answer

Contributes to the protection of cells from oxidative stress.
Contributes to normal blood clotting.
Contributes to the maintenance of normal bones.

Question 31

Zinc

Accepted Answer

Contributes to normal DNA synthesis.
Contributes to normal acid-base metabolism.
Contributes to normal carbohydrate metabolism.
Contributes to normal cognitive function.
Contributes to normal fertility & reproduction.
Contributes to normal macronutrient metabolism.
Contributes to normal metabolism of fatty acids.
Contributes to normal metabolism of Vitamin A.
Contributes to normal protein synthesis.
Contributes to the maintenance of normal bones, vision, hair, nails & skin.
Contributes to the maintenance of normal testosterone levels in the blood.
Contributes to the normal function of the immune system.
Contributes to the protection of cells from oxidative stress.
Has a role in the process of cell division.

A-Z of Vitamins & Minerals